Scientific American uses game theory and prisoner’s dilemma to try and explain the pervasive use of drugs in sports. The article talks to Slipstream/Chipotle H3O Jonathan Vaughters about his approach and whether it can work:

Vaughters, who is now director of the U.S. cycling team Slipstream/Chipotle, has already started a program of extensive and regular in-house drug testing. “Remember, most of these guys are athletes, not criminals,” he says. “If they believe the rest are stopping [the doping] and feel it in the speed of the peloton, they will stop, too, with a great sigh of relief.”